In a kidney transplant, a failing kidney is surgically replaced with a healthy kidney from a living or deceased donor. It is the suggested treatment for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in place of long-term dialysis since it increases survival rates and quality of life.
When Does Someone Need a Kidney Transplant?
Conditions and Symptoms Associated with Transplantation
- The possibility of a transplant is raised when kidney function drops to 15–25% (Stage 5 CKD/ESRD). It may result in:
- Severe Abrupt weakness and fatigue
- Persistent nausea or vomiting
- Hand, leg, or facial edema, or swelling
- Unmanaged hypertension
- Lack of breath as a result of fluid buildup
- Decreased or nonexistent urine output
- Irritation (uremia)
- In more severe situations, seizures or confusion
Common Causes of Kidney Failure:
- Diabetes (most common cause)
- Hypertension (high blood pressure)
- Polycystic kidney disease (PKD)
- Glomerulonephritis (kidney inflammation)
- Lupus or autoimmune diseases
- Congenital defects
Types of Kidney Transplants
1. Living Donor Transplant
Kidney from a healthy living person (family member, friend, or altruistic donor).
Advantages:
- Better long-term success rates.
- Shorter wait time.
- Scheduled surgery (no emergency transplant).
2. Deceased Donor Transplant
- Kidney from a recently deceased donor.
- Requires being on a waiting list (average wait: 3-5 years).
- Prioritized by compatibility, medical urgency, and wait time.
